Analysis of Bisphenol A Related Compounds and Bacteria Diversities in Soil Samples from Refuse Dump Sites within Awka Municipal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71148/tjoc/v1i2.5Keywords:
Endocrine-disrupting compounds, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Heterotrophic bacterial count, Soil contamination, Environmental microbiologyAbstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting compound characterized by its aromatic alcohol-based functional groups. This study investigated the presence of BPA and bacterial diversity in soil samples collected from refuse dump sites within Awka metropolis, Anambra State. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis revealed characteristic absorption bands in soil from Point I at 3244.6–3842.9 cm⁻¹ (O–H stretching) and 2165–2366.9 cm⁻¹ (C–H stretching). In Point II samples, absorption bands were observed at 1654 cm⁻¹ and 1718.3 cm⁻¹ (Amide I), 1436.9 cm⁻¹ (Amide III), and 1407.1 cm⁻¹ (–NH₂ bending). Soil from Point III exhibited distinct bands at 1069.7 cm⁻¹ (antisymmetric stretching of the C–O–C bridge) and 902.1–687.7 cm⁻¹ (skeletal vibrations involving C–O stretching), indicative of saccharide structures. Bacterial heterotrophic counts were assessed using standard microbiological and biochemical techniques. Strains of Pseudomonas and Klebsiella spp. were the most prevalent across all sites. Peak colony-forming unit (CFU/g) counts were recorded on day 7 of incubation: 5.1 × 10⁸ CFU/g at Point I and 3.9 × 10⁸ CFU/g at Point III. By day 14, counts declined to 4.2 × 10⁶ and 2.9 × 10⁷ CFU/g, respectively. This study underscores the significance of continuous monitoring of soil contaminants and microbial activity at waste disposal sites. The findings provide valuable guidance for environmental monitoring agencies to enhance waste management practices and implement stricter recycling policies.
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